Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Pencegahan HIV/AIDS melalui Edukasi pada Siswa SMA Negeri 13 Ambon

Authors

  • Ritha Tahitu Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
  • Suluh Priyosahubawa Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
  • Alfiyah Rubiyanti Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
  • Faturrahman Dunggio Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
  • Ceriana Putri Yulia Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
  • Aerlangga Aerlangga Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
  • Mariza Gautami Siwabessy Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59837/jpmba.v4i6.4968

Keywords:

HIV/AIDS, Pencegahan, Sekolah

Abstract

Edukasi kesehatan mengenai HIV/AIDS pada populasi remaja merupakan langkah preventif strategis untuk menekan angka infeksi baru dan stigma sosial. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas sosialisasi kesehatan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa SMAN 13 Ambon terkait HIV/AIDS. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 31 Juli 2026 dengan melibatkan 100 siswa kelas 12. Metode intervensi dilakukan melalui penyuluhan interaktif dengan evaluasi pre-test dan post-test menggunakan Google Form. Analisis data menggunakan uji non-parametrik Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test dan uji Chi-Square. Sosialisasi kesehatan berbasis sekolah yang terintegrasi dengan media digital diharapkan dapat mendukung peningkatan literasi kesehatan serta membentuk sikap positif siswa terhadap pencegahan HIV/AIDS.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adilla, Z., Abdullah, A., & Arlianti, N. (2024). Analisis hubungan pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja usia 15–19 tahun di Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 5(4), 13309–13317. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i4.37369

Alwi, M. A., Hamzah, H., Syarifuddin, S., & Karlina, L. (2025). Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among adolescents in Indonesia: A systematic review. Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako), 11(1), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.v11i1.1556

Astuti, R., Rahmawati, A., & Fitriani, D. (2021). Pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat, 10(2), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.31596/jkm.v10i2.789

Atmodjo, W. L., Suryadinata, N., Moningkey, S., & Siregar, R. U. P. (2025). Exploring the association between HIV knowledge and prevention attitudes among health science students. Medicinus, 15(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.19166/med.v15i1.10765

Awanis, T. S., Astutik, E., & Sholihin, H. Y. A. (2024). Hubungan karakteristik individu, komunikasi pendidikan seksual, perilaku hubungan seksual, dan akses informasi dengan tingkat pengetahuan HIV/AIDS pada remaja laki-laki di Indonesia. Media Gizi Kesmas, 13(2), 740–749. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v13i2.2024.740-749

Ball-Rokeach, S. J., & DeFleur, M. L. (1976). A dependency model of mass-media effects. Communication Research, 3(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365027600300101

Bastien, S., Kajula, L. J., & Muhwezi, W. W. (2011). A review of studies of parent-child communication about sexuality and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Reproductive Health, 8(25), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-8-25

Bekele, Y. A., Fekadu, G. A., & Wolde, H. F. (2020). Determinants of HIV/AIDS comprehensive knowledge among young people in developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1145. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09255-0

Bronfenbrenner, U., & Ceci, S. J. (1994). Nature-nurture reconceptualized in developmental perspective: A bioecological model. Psychological Review, 101(4), 568–586. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.101.4.568

Gao, X., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Tang, J., Qiu, J., ... & Wang, Y. (2012). Effectiveness of school-based education on HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude, and behavior among secondary school students in Wuhan, China. PLoS ONE, 7(9), Article e44881. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044881

Gupta, P., Anjum, F., Bhardwaj, P., Srivastav, J. P., & Zaidi, Z. H. (2013). Knowledge about HIV/AIDS among secondary school students. North American Journal of Medical Sciences, 5(2), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.107531

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. (2024). The urgency of now: AIDS at a crossroads — Global AIDS Update 2024. UNAIDS.

Kurniadi, T., Hesti, N., & Suciana, S. (2026). The relationship between adolescents' knowledge about HIV/AIDS and adolescents' sexual behavior. International Health Sciences Journal, 3(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.61777/ihsj.v3i3.117

Lidia Sari, N. (2023). Determinants of high school student knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Basic and Applied Nursing Research Journal, 4(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.11594/banrj.04.01.03

Mahendra, M. H. D., Nuriyah, Kusdiyah, E., & Enis, R. N. (2025). The relationship between knowledge level and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS prevention among public high school students. Scientific of Environmental Health and Diseases, 5(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.22437/e-sehad.v5i2.51122

Masruroh, M., Susanto, A., & Wijayanti, H. N. (2026). Adolescents’ HIV preventive behavior: The roles of HIV literacy, HIV sensitivity, AI openness, and chatbot engagement. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 9(3), 434–445. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v9i3.9270

Masturi, H., Sajalia, H., & Supini, R. (2023). Pengaruh penggunaan media sosial sebagai media promosi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja di SMPN 1 Sakra. ProHealth Journal. https://doi.org/10.59802/phj.2023202112

Masturi, H., Sajalia, H., & Supini, R. (2023). Pengaruh penggunaan media sosial sebagai media promosi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja di SMPN 1 Sakra. ProHealth Journal, 20(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.59802/phj.2023202112

Mesa, N. D. K., Watunglawar, C. E., Astuti, D., Thome, A. L., & Makualaina, F. N. (2025). Is there a relationship between parental communication and HIV/AIDS knowledge in students? Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 7(1), 865–872. https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v7i1.5085

Moorhead, S. A., Hazlett, D. E., Harrison, L., Carroll, J. K., Sweeny, A., & Slager, C. (2013). A new dimension of health care: Systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 15(4), e85. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1933

Muhaimin, S., Suhaemi, & Sajalia, H. (2023). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang HIV/AIDS dengan upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS di SMAN 1 Aikmel. ProHealth Journal, 20(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.59802/phj.2023202116

Parmin, S., & Safitri, S. W. (2023). Hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan peran keluarga dalam upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Prabumulih Timur tahun 2022. Jurnal Kesehatan Terapan, 10(1), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.54816/jk.v10i1.592

Prasetyo, A., Susanti, E., & Handayani, S. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(2), 145–152.

Ramadani, R. C., & Ibrahim, K. (2024). Social media use, knowledge, attitudes, and risky sexual behavior of HIV transmission: A survey among boarding school adolescent students in Indonesia. Belitung Nursing Journal, 10(3), 322–331. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3220

Ratnawati, D., Huda, M. H., Mukminin, M. A., Widyatuti, W., & Setiawan, A. (2024a). Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of educational programs about HIV prevention adolescents. Narra J, 4(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i1.182

Ratnawati, D., Huda, M. H., Mukminin, M. A., Widyatuti, W., & Setiawan, A. (2024b). Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of educational programs about HIV prevention on knowledge, attitude, and behavior among adolescents. Narra J, 4(2), Article e870. https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.870

Ratnawati, D., Setiawan, A., Sahar, J., Widyatuti, Nursasi, A. Y., & Siregar, T. (2024c). Improving adolescents’ HIV/AIDS prevention behavior: A phenomenological study of the experience of planning generation program (GenRe) ambassadors as peer educators. Belitung Nursing Journal, 10(1), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3012

Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the Health Belief Model. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403

Santika, S., & Yuliani, I. (2023). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang HIV/AIDS dengan perilaku seksual remaja siswa kelas X dan XI di SMKN 1 Babelan–Bekasi. MAHESA: Malahayati Health Student Journal, 3(11), 3419–3429. https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i11.11044

Santika, S., & Yuliani, I. (2023). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang HIV/AIDS dengan perilaku seksual remaja siswa kelas X dan XI di SMKN 1 Babelan–Bekasi. Malahayati Health Student Journal, 3(11), 3419–3429. https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i11.11044

Setyowati, S., & Hakim, N. (2019). Spiritualitas dan tingkat pengetahuan HIV/AIDS dengan perilaku seksual pranikah nelayan di Yogyakarta. JHeS (Journal of Health Studies), 3(1), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhes.516

Silitonga, H. T. H., Wicaksono, D., Yunita, J., & Rany, N. (2024). Perilaku kesehatan & promosi kesehatan. Deepublish.

Simorangkir, T. L., Sianturi, S. R., & Supardi, S. (2021). Hubungan antara karakteristik, tingkat pengetahuan dan stigma pada penderita HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan, 12(2), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v12i2.789

Taggart, T., Grewe, M. E., Conserve, D. F., Gliwa, C., & Roman Isler, M. (2015). Social media and digital technology use among indigenous and minority adolescents for HIV prevention: A systematic review. AIDS and Behavior, 19(11), 2031–2041. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1043-3

UNAIDS. (2022). In danger: UNAIDS global AIDS update 2022. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2022/in-danger-global-aids-update

UNESCO. (2018). International technical guidance on sexuality education: An evidence-informed approach. UNESCO Publishing.

UNICEF. (2021). Global HIV/AIDS statistics and knowledge gaps among adolescents. UNICEF.

Usada, S. M. B., Lubis, E. S., & Fitriani, Y. (2023). Adolescent knowledge and perception of HIV/AIDS stigmatization in the Indonesian context. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 11(3), 287–294. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbe.V11I32023.287-294

World Health Organization. (2021). Digital health for young people: Leveraging social media for HIV prevention. World Health Organization.

World Health Organization. (2023). Global health sector strategies on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022–2030: Social and behavioural approaches. World Health Organization.

Yaya, S., Bishwajit, G., Danhoundo, G., Shah, V., & Ekholuenetale, M. (2019). Trends and determinants of HIV/AIDS knowledge among women and men in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Health, 11(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihy072

Yuliani, N., & Susanti, E. (2020). Efektivitas metode sosialisasi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 15(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpki.15.1.45-52

Downloads

Published

2026-09-02

How to Cite

Tahitu, R., Priyosahubawa, S., Rubiyanti, A., Dunggio, F., Yulia, C. P., Aerlangga, A., & Siwabessy, M. G. (2026). Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Pencegahan HIV/AIDS melalui Edukasi pada Siswa SMA Negeri 13 Ambon . Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bangsa, 4(7), 3354–3368. https://doi.org/10.59837/jpmba.v4i6.4968

Issue

Section

Articles